Transportation methods for hazardous chemicals
(1) Before loading, unloading and transporting hazardous chemicals, preparations must be made in advance, the properties of the items must be understood, and the tools used for loading, unloading and transport must be checked to ensure they are secure. If they are not secure, they must be replaced or repaired. If the tools have been contaminated by flammables, organic matter, acids, alkalis, etc., they must be cleaned before use.
(2) Operators should wear appropriate protective equipment according to the hazardous properties of different materials, and should pay special attention to poisonous, corrosive, radioactive and other items. Protective equipment includes work clothes, rubber aprons, rubber sleeves, rubber gloves, long rubber boots, gas masks, gas filter masks, gauze masks, gauze gloves and goggles. Before operation, a dedicated person should check whether the equipment is in place and whether it is appropriate to wear. After operation, the equipment should be cleaned or disinfected and stored in a dedicated cabinet.
(3) During operation, hazardous chemicals should be handled with care to prevent impact, friction, collision and vibration. When unloading liquid iron barrels, do not use a springboard to quickly slide them down. Instead, they should be placed on the ground with old tires or other soft materials on the side of the stack and slowly lowered. Items marked with the "non-invertible" sign should not be placed upside down. If the packaging is found to be broken or leaking, it must be moved to a safe place for repair or replaced. Tools that may cause sparks should not be used during repair. If hazardous chemicals are scattered on the ground or on the back of the vehicle, they should be cleaned up in time. For flammable and explosive items, soft materials should be soaked in water and then cleaned up.
(4) Do not drink or smoke when loading, unloading and transporting hazardous chemicals. After work, wash your hands, face, rinse your mouth or take a shower in time according to the work situation and the nature of the hazardous materials. When loading, unloading and transporting toxic substances, the site must be ventilated. If you find nausea, dizziness or other poisoning symptoms, you should immediately go to a place with fresh air to rest, take off your work clothes and protective equipment, clean the contaminated skin, and go to the hospital for treatment if the symptoms are serious.
(5) When loading, unloading and transporting explosives, first-level flammable materials, and first-level oxidizers, do not use iron wheeled vehicles, battery vehicles (battery vehicles without spark control equipment), and other transportation vehicles without explosion-proof devices. Personnel participating in the operation must not wear shoes with iron nails. It is forbidden to roll iron drums, and it is forbidden to step on dangerous chemical materials and their packaging (referring to explosives). When loading, it must be stable and not stacked too high. For example, potassium (sodium) chlorate vehicles are not allowed to have trailers behind them. Loading and unloading should generally be carried out during the day and avoid sunlight. In hot seasons, operations should be carried out in the morning and evening, and explosion-proof or closed safety lighting should be used for night operations. Anti-slip measures should be taken when working in rain, snow, and ice.
(6) When loading and unloading highly corrosive items, check whether the bottom of the box has been corroded before operation to prevent the bottom from falling off and causing danger. When carrying, it is forbidden to carry on the shoulder, on the back, or with both hands. It can only be carried by lifting, carrying, or using a car. When carrying and stacking, it is not allowed to be inverted, tilted, or shaken to avoid liquid splashing and causing danger. Clean water, soda water, or acetic acid should be available on site for emergency use.
(7) When loading and unloading radioactive materials, it is not allowed to be carried on the shoulder, on the back, or in the arms. Minimize human contact with packaging and handle items with care to prevent them from breaking. Wash hands and face with soap and water and take a shower after work before eating or drinking. Protective equipment and tools must be carefully washed to remove radiation contamination. Radioactive sewage must not be dispersed casually and should be led into deep ditches or treated. Waste should be buried in deep pits.
(8) Two items with conflicting properties must not be loaded and unloaded at the same place or transported on the same vehicle (ship). Heat-insulating and moisture-proof measures should be taken for items that are sensitive to heat and moisture.
